Comparer les systèmes

Over the last decade, Türkiye has been preparing to deploy carbon pricing instruments to help achieve its mitigation targets. On 2 July 2025, Türkiye's parliament adopted the country's first Climate Law, which was published in the Official Gazette on 9 July 2025 and entered into force immediately. This landmark legislation, Türkiye's first comprehensive climate law, establishes the legal basis for the Turkish Emission Trading System (TR ETS) and creates key institutional frameworks including a Carbon Market Board to oversee the system. It earmarks revenues from future allowance auctions exclusively for green transformation and climate action, with up to 10% allocated to just transition measures. The TR ETS is expected to launch as a pilot in 2026 running through 2027, before transitioning to full implementation. The law's adoption and the TR ETS were anticipated in the "Long-Term Strategy" document (LTS 2053) published during COP 29, as well as in Türkiye's annual Medium-Term Programs since 2022.

Following the Climate Law enactment, the Directorate of Climate Change (DoCC) published the draft implementing regulation on 22 July 2025, inviting stakeholder comments which closed on 4 August 2025. The draft regulation outlines the operational framework for the TR ETS, including an intensity-based cap system, free allocation methodology based on benchmarks, and coverage of installations in power and industry sectors with emissions above 50,000 tonnes CO₂e. Domestic offsets are expected to be allowed up to 10% of surrender obligations after but not during the pilot phase. The TR ETS will leverage data collected under Türkiye's comprehensive mandatory monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) system which has been in place since 2015. The law and the draft regulation also establish strict compliance obligations and significant administrative penalties for non-compliance.

The development of the pilot and the operational phases of the TR ETS has been supported through multiple international partnerships. A World Bank funded project under the PMI program was formally launched in January 2024, and the first activities are starting in 2025. The project will assist Türkiye in assessing design options through modeling studies and support the development of legislative and regulatory frameworks for the TR ETS. It will also help the government analyze the broader economic impact of the TR ETS, establish a national carbon crediting mechanism, develop a strategy for engaging with the emerging Article 6 markets, and commission studies on a just transition strategy. These preparations are taking place in the context of Türkiye’s “Green Deal Action Plan”, which aims to align the country with the European Green Deal and taking into account the advisory decisions of the Climate Council, a multi-stakeholder consultation which took place in 2022.

As a candidate for EU accession, Türkiye is also planning to commence an Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance (IPA III) project in 2025 for the transposition of the EU ETS legislation into domestic legislation which will further refine the national ETS’ technical features.